Muhammad Ash-Shanqeeti
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Muhammad Al-Ameen Ibn Muhammad Al-Mukhtaar Ibn 'Abdil-Qaadir Al-Jaknee Ash-Shanqeetee (1907–1973) was a Muslim scholar from Mauritania. His compound name was Muhammad Al-Ameen, just like the name of his father (i.e. Muhammad Al-Mukhtaar), which was the common practice of naming in his land.
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Birth and lineage
He was born in 1907 (1325 A.H.) in the region known as the Chinguetti Department (hence the title Shanqeetee in his name), which is the eastern part of the state of Mauritania.
His lineage traces back to Ya'qoob Ibn Jaakin, the forefather of the large tribe, known as the Jaknees. The lineage of this tribe traces back to Himayr.
Educational upbringing
He was born in a household of knowledge consisting of men and women that were learned. His mother was the daughter of his father's paternal uncle (i.e. his father's female cousin). So he studied under his maternal uncles, his maternal cousins and their women, the basic aspects of knowledge and the sciences of the Qur'an.
He completed his studies in various subjects of the Religion under the senior scholars of his land, such as the subjects of Tafsir, Hadith, Fiqh, Usool, Nahw, Sarf, Balaagha (Eloquence) and more.
He adhered to the Maliki Madh'hab.
Work and entrance into the Hijaaz
After finishing his studies of the various subjects of the Religion, he worked as a teacher and as a judge in family jurisdiction. So people in dispute would go to him and he would make his judgment between them. His rulings and verdicts were carried out and enforced by everyone, even the government of his country at that time.
In 1947 (1367 A.H.), he went to Saudi Arabia to perform the Hajj and began to teach there in Al-Masjid al-Nabawi. The people in charge of this Mosque became acquainted with him and sought for him to remain in the Haramain (vicinity of Mecca and Medina) so that he can teach and provide general benefit. The students that often frequented his classes on Tafsir of the Qur'an in Al-Masjid al-Nabawi were many, the most famous of whom were: Abd al-Aziz ibn Abd Allah ibn Baaz, Shaykh Bakr Abu Zayd and Shaykh 'Atiyyah Muhammad Saalim, the person who completed Ash-Shanqeetee's great work Adwaa-ul-Bayaan, after his death.
In 1951 (1371 A.H.), he was called to teach in the educational institutes and colleges of Riyadh. Then he moved to Medina to teach in the Islamic University of Madinah. Among the students he taught while in the Islamic University of Madeenah, was Rabee Al-Madkhali.
Works
He has authored some books, which include:
- Adwaa-ul-Bayaan fee Tafseer-il-Qur'aan bil-Qur'aan – printed [This is his tremendous voluminous work on Tafseer of the Qu’raan]
- Al-Mudhakkirah fee Usool-il-Fiqh – printed [A small treatise on the Principles of Fiqh]
- Adab Al-Bah-th wal-Munaadhara – printed [Etiquettes for Researching]
- Alfiyyah fil-Mantiq Daf'u Eehaam Al-Idtiraab 'an Ayaat-il-Kitaab – printed
- Man'u Jawaaz Al-Majaaz – printed
- Mandhoomah fil-Faraa'id [A Book on the Laws of Inheritance]
- Furoo' Maalik – a poetic text
- Sharh 'alaa Maraaqee As-Sa'ood – a dictation he made to his students
- Sharh 'alaa As-Sullam – a dictation he made to his students
- Ansaab-ul-'Arab – a poetic text
- Manaahij wa Diraasaat li-Ayaat-il-Asmaa was-Sifaat – a transcribed lecture he gave in the Islaamic University of Madeenah in 1962 (on the 13th of Ramadaan, 1382 A.H).
Death
He died in 1973 (on the forenoon of Thursday, the 17th of Dhu al-Hijjah, 1393 A.H.). His death occurred in Mecca on his return from Hajj. He was buried in Jannatul Mualla and his funeral prayer was held in the Kaaba after the Dhuhr prayer of that same day. Shaykh Ibn Baaz prayed over him, along with all the other Muslims that attended.
See also
References
- Imam Muhammad Al-Ameen Ash-Shanqeetee, by Sayyid Ibn 'Abbaas al-Julaymee
- Al-A'alaam of Az-Zirkilee (6/45)
- Al-Manhal (the Dhul-Hijjah Issue of 1393H: pg. 982)
- Mashaaheer 'Ulamaa Najd (pg. 517–520 & 540–543).
